Differential expression analysis of miRNAs in macrophage-derived exosomes in the tuberculosis-infected bone microenvironment

Background Macrophages play an important role in regulating the course of spinal tuberculosis within bone microenvironment. This study aimed to investigate differential expression miRNA macrophage-derived exosomes tuberculosis-infected microenvironment, identify miRNAs that hold potential as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. Methods We established cohorts for tuberculosis, collected marrow blood samples, isolated macrophage exosomes, performed exosome sequencing. A miRNA-mRNA co-expression network was constructed using WGCNA analysis. Gene GO analysis KEGG pathway enrichment were KOBAS software. Target selected based on fold change, P -value, false discovery rate, their validation carried out qRT-PCR ROC curve studies. Subsequently, we a target gene these explore signaling mechanisms involved disease tuberculosis. Results Our findings revealed macrophages from microenvironment exhibited M1 phenotype. The successful extraction supernatants confirmed through electron microscopy, particle size analysis, protein blot Exosome miRNA-seq demonstrated 28 up-regulated, while 34 down-regulated individuals with indicated differentially expressed various biological processes, cell components, molecular functions, pathways, which collectively contribute regulation Notably, miRNA-125b-5p successfully p rate. further significant up-regulation miR-125b-5p is biomarker Moreover, construction subsequent highlighted importance MAPK, TNF, Ras, Rap1, PI3K-Akt pathways Conclusion demonstrates Specifically, MiRNA-125b-5p significantly up-regulated shows